Wisconsin Legislature: SPS 382.41(3)(d)1.

a. A continuous pressure situation shall be considered to exist when a pressure greater than atmospheric within the water supply system exists for more than 12 continuous hours.

b. A noncontinuous pressure situation shall be considered to exist if the conditions in subd. 2. a. do not occur.

3. A high hazard cross connection situation shall be considered to exist for a connection of the water supply system to:

a. Any part of the drain system; and

b. Any other piping system conveying water from nonpotable sources, including but not limited to lakes, rivers, streams or creeks.

4. Except as provided in subd. 5., a high hazard cross connection situation shall be considered to exist at:

a. A water supply hose bibb, faucet, wall hydrant, sill cock or other outlet which terminates with hose threads allowing a hose to be attached;

b. A water supply faucet, wall hydrant or other outlet which terminates with a serrated nipple allowing a hose to be attached;

c. A water supply faucet, hydrant or outlet serving a sink used for building maintenance in a public building;

d. A chemical pot-feeder or automatic chemical feeder is installed to serve a boiler, cooling tower or chilled water system; and

e. In the water supply piping connecting to the outlet of a fire hydrant for any purpose other than fire fighting.

5. A cross connection may not be considered to exist at the hose threaded outlet installed for the sole purpose of any of the following:

a. Draining a water supply system or any portion thereof.

bm. Connecting individual portable dialysis machines when enclosed in a lockable box.

c. Connecting individual residential-type automatic clothes washers or dryers.

a. A high hazard situation shall be considered to exist for the connection of 2 water supply systems one supplied by a public water supply and the other system supplied by a private well.

Note: The interconnection of a public water supply system and another source of water is addressed in ss. NR 811.06 and 811.07 and must be approved by the Department of Natural Resources.

b. Cross connection control devices used in conjunction with automatic fire sprinkler systems shall be listed by an acceptable testing agency for such an application under the standards governing the design and installation of automatic fire sprinkler systems.

7. A cross connection situation shall not be considered to exist when a multipurpose piping system serves a one- or 2- family dwelling provided the sprinkler system is constructed of materials and joints suitable for water distribution systems as specified in ss. SPS 384.30 (4) (e) and 384.40, respectively.

1. For sewerage treatment facilities which are required to conform with ch. NR 110, in addition to the cross connection control required for each potable water usage or water outlet, a reduced pressure principle backflow preventer shall be installed:

a. In the water service to each building or structure within the complex;

b. In the private water main upstream of all water services serving the facility; or

c. In the water distribution system upstream of all water outlets and in the process piping network upstream of all points of use, if both a water distribution system and a process network is contained within the same building or structure.

2. For marinas, wharves and docks where potable water outlets are provided to serve boats or ships, in addition to the cross connection control required for each potable water outlet or usage, a reduced pressure principle backflow preventer shall be installed in the water supply system to limit backflow into the water supply source.

3. The installation of a cross connection control device in the water supply system for a building or structure shall not alleviate the requirement to provide cross connection control for the connection of each plumbing fixture, piece of equipment, appliance or other piping system.

(d) Prohibitions.

1. The use of a toxic solution as a heat transfer fluid in single-wall heat exchanger for potable water is prohibited.

2. A cross connection control method, device, or assembly may not be bypassed without a cross connection control method, device, or assembly of at least equal protection.

(e) Existing automatic fire sprinkler systems. An alteration, modification or addition to an existing automatic fire sprinkler shall necessitate conformance with this section, if the:

1. Existing water supply line to the existing sprinkler system is increased in diameter; or

2. Existing device or method which had been previously recognized to address cross connection concerns is to be removed or replaced.

- See PDF for table

⋄ = The use a of a hose connection backflow preventer, dual check backflow preventer wall hydrant-freeze resistant or a hose connection vacuum breaker in a continuous pressure situation shall be limited to campgrounds and marinas.

1 = Closed loop boiler feed only, standard does not require NSF/ANSI 372 or NSF/ANSI/CAN-61 conformance.

(4) Limitations.

(a) Cross connection control devices shall be limited in use in accordance with the respective standard, unless otherwise specifically permitted under this subsection.

(b)

1. Except as provided in pars. (b) 2. and (o), an atmospheric-type vacuum breaker shall be installed such that the bottom of the device or the critical level mark on the device is at least 6 inches above all of the following:

a. The flood level rim of the receptor serving the water supply port.

b. The highest point downstream from the device where backpressure would be created.

c. The highest point of an injection or aspiration port.

2. A deck-mounted atmospheric type vacuum breaker shall be installed such that the bottom of the device or the critical level mark on the device is at least 1 inch above all of the following:

a. The flood level rim of the receptor serving the water supply port.

b. The highest point downstream from the device where backpressure would be created.

c. The highest point of an injection or aspiration port.

(c)

a. The use a of a hose connection backflow preventer, dual check backflow preventer wall hydrant-freeze resistant or a hose connection vacuum breaker in a continuous pressure situation shall be limited to campgrounds and marinas.

b. The use of a hose connection backflow preventer and a hose connection vacuum breaker shall be limited to the discharge side of a control valve such as a faucet or hose bibb.

2. A hose connection backflow preventer and a hose connection vacuum breaker may not be employed in backpressure situations of more than 10 feet of water column.

(d) A backflow preventer with intermediate atmospheric vent:

1. May not be employed in backpressure situations of more than 150 psig; and

2. May not serve boilers having a maximum steam pressure setting greater than 15 psig or a maximum water pressure setting greater than 30 psig.

(e)

1. A reduced pressure principle backflow preventer and a reduced pressure detector backflow preventer may not be subjected to a backpressure greater than twice the rated working pressure of the device.

2. A reduced pressure principle backflow preventer and a reduced pressure detector backflow preventer which serve a water-based fire protection system may have a test outlet located between the number 2 check valve and the number 2 listed indicating control valve.

3. A reduced pressure principle backflow preventer and a reduced pressure detector backflow preventer which are 2” or smaller in size and which serve a water-based fire protection system are not required to have a test cock on the number one listed indicating control valve.

(f) A hand-held shower may not be employed in backpressure situations of more than 5 feet of water column.

(g)

1. A double check backflow prevention assembly and a double check detector assembly backflow preventer may not be subjected to a backpressure greater than twice the rated working pressure of the device.

3. A double check backflow prevention assembly and a double check detector assembly backflow preventer which are 2” or smaller in size and which serve a water-based fire protection system are not required to have a test cock on the number one listed indicating control valve.

(h) A water supply fed trap seal primer valve shall be installed such that the bottom of the device or the critical level as marked on the device is at least 12” above:

1. The connection to the trap; and

2. The highest point downstream from the device where backpressure would be created.

(i) A vacuum breaker wall hydrant, freeze resistant automatic draining type or a freeze resistant sanitary yard hydrant, may not be employed in backpressure situations of more than 10 feet of water column.

(k) A pressure type vacuum breaker assembly shall be installed such that the bottom of the device or the critical level mark on the device is at least 12” above all of the following:

1m. The flood level rim of the receptor serving the water supply port.

2m. The highest point downstream from the device where backpressure would be created.

3m. The highest point of an injection or aspiration port.

(L) A laboratory faucet backflow preventer may not be employed in backpressure situations of more than 6 feet of water column.

(m) The cross connection control device to serve a hose bibb or hydrant that penetrates an exterior wall of a heated structure may not prevent a hose bibb or hydrant from being freeze resistant automatic draining as required under s. SPS 382.40 (8) (a).

(n) A spill resistant vacuum breaker shall be installed so that the bottom of the device or the critical level mark on the device is at least 12” above all of the following:

1. The flood level rim of the receptor serving the water supply port.

2. The highest point downstream from the device where back pressure would be created.

3. The highest point of an injection or aspiration port.

(o) A water-fed trap seal primer shall be provided with high hazard backflow protection compliant with this section and all the following:

1. Fixture trap or tailpiece trap seal primers shall consist of a 1 1/4 inch (32 mm) or larger tailpiece or trap assembly that is designed to connect to a supply tube that drains to the floor drain trap inlet.

2. Ballcock trap seal primer shall be used in conjunction with anti-siphon fill valves complying with ASSE 1002.

3. Flushometer tailpiece or trap seal primers shall only be used in conjunction with a flushometer complying with ASSE 1037 and shall be installed below the critical level of the vacuum breaker if a vacuum breaker is used.

(5) Installation.

(a) An air gap for cross connection control shall conform to ASME A112.1.2.

Note: See ch. SPS 382 Appendix for further explanatory material.

(b) Cross connection control methods, devices and assemblies shall be installed in accordance with the manufacturer’s written installation specifications and this chapter. The methods, devices and assemblies shall be accessible for inspection, testing, maintenance and replacement.

Note: See s. SPS 384.30 (5) (c).

(d)